1. According to its structural characteristics and usage, it can be divided into containers, towers, heat exchangers, reactors (including various reactors, fixed beds, or liquid beds), and tube furnaces. 2. According to structural materials, it is divided into metal equipment (carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, aluminum, copper, etc.), non-metallic equipment (ceramics, glass, plastic, wood, etc.), and non-metallic material lining equipment (lining rubber, plastic, refractory materials, enamel, etc.), among which carbon steel equipment is more commonly used. 3. According to the stress situation, it is divided into external pressure equipment (including vacuum equipment) and internal pressure equipment. Internal pressure equipment is further divided into atmospheric pressure equipment (operating pressure less than 1kgf/cm2), low pressure equipment (operating pressure between 1-16kgf/cm2), medium pressure equipment (operating pressure between 16-100kgf/cm2), high pressure equipment (operating pressure between 100-1000kgf/cm2), and ultra-high pressure equipment (operating pressure greater than 1000kgf/cm2). For dynamic equipment, During operation, attention should be paid to monitoring the vibration, noise, lubrication status, sealing system, fluid temperature and pressure, especially the control of lubrication management. If the control is not good, accidents such as major repairs or even scrapping of rotating equipment may occur. On the other hand, seal failure is a common failure mode in daily maintenance management, which has a significant impact on process safety, Can be managed and continuously improved as a daily maintenance task; For static equipment during operation, attention should be paid to monitoring the temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, pH value, Cl ions, S ions, and other corrosive elements of the medium to avoid unexpected failure modes such as corrosion, erosion, and stress fatigue. The specific control plan for equipment maintenance and management needs to be analyzed systematically based on the specific information and limitations of equipment design, manufacturing, and operation, and the methodology of RCM and RBI, in order to adopt targeted control plans based on specific and clear fault modes to ensure process safety and equipment reliability compliance.
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